Azotobacter bacteria produce enzymes called nitrogenases, which convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), which can be used by plants as a source of nitrogen. This process is known as nitrogen fixation. By fixing nitrogen in the soil, Azotobacter can help to reduce the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and improve the overall health of the soil.
Azotobacters also provides other benefits to the soil such as phosphorous solubilization, production of plant growth promoting hormones and biocontrol of plant pathogens.
Azotobacters can be applied to the soil in various forms, such as liquid or granular, and can be used in combination with other biofertilizers, like Azospirillum and phosphate solubilizing bacteria, to create a more complete and balanced soil ecosystem.
It’s important to note that the growth and survival of Azotobacter in soil depend on soil conditions such as water, pH, temperature, organic matter, and other microorganisms. So, care should be taken to maintain optimal soil conditions for the growth of Azotobacter.
